There has been a great misunderstanding in difference between microprocessor and microcontroller since both the ic are designed for real life use. Mp is a general purpose device called as cpu, whereas mcu is a dedicated chip which is called as single chip computer. As memory becomes more large, it becomes less fast, and viceversa. The term microprocessor and microcontroller have always been confused. This type of microcontroller is designed in such a way that the microcontroller has all programs and data memory, counters and timers, interrupts, io ports are embedded on the chip. The same memory module is used for storing data and programs. A microcontroller mcu for microcontroller unit is a small computer on a single metaloxidesemiconductor mos integrated circuit chip. Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller the major difference between microprocessor and microcontroller is that a microprocessor is an ic designed to perform generalpurpose digital computations. Microprocessors and microcontrollers textbook free download. Pic microcontroller units use the harvard architecture because these microcontrollers have separate data and program memory. Microcomputer a computer with a microprocessor as its cpu. Microcontrollers integrate a microprocessor with peripheral devices in.
Microprocessor and microcontroller notes pdf mpmc pdf notes. Both of them have been designed for real time application. Introduction to 8085 microprocessor,8086 architecture functional diagram,register organisation, memory segmentation, programming model, memory addresses,physical memory organisation, architecture of 8086,signal descriptions of 8086 common function signals. The program code resides offchip in a separate external eprom chip.
Based on their specification, application and architecture microprocessors are classified. This includes different embedded system hardware platforms ranging from custom hardware via reconfigurable systems and application specific processors to general purpose embedded processors. Program rom and data rom the onchip rom memory read only memory on a microcontroller is like a microcontrollers hard drive. Here you can download the free lecture notes of microprocessor and interfacing pdf notes mpi notes pdf materials with multiple file links to download. Microcontroller architecture sonoma state university. Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller. The following table highlights the differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller. Differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller.
What is the memory organization of a microprocessor. Microcontroller microprocessor with builtin memory and ports and can be programmed for any generic control application. Differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller himadri barman a microprocessor abbreviated as p or up is a computer electronic component made from miniaturized transistors and other circuit elements on a single semiconductor integrated circuit ic microchip or just chip. Comparing microcontroller and microprocessor in terms of cost is not justified. A low on this input pin enables the cpu to write data or control words. Microcontroller has a cpu, in addition with a fixed amount of ram. The key difference between both the terms is the presence of peripheral. The terms come from the 1970s, where a microprocessor e. The laboratory centers around a motorola 6800based microcomputer built within the electrical. For example, an arm cortexm4based microcontroller such as atmels sam4 mcu is rated at 150 dmips. Microprocessor and microcontroller pdf notes mpmc notes pdf.
Microprocessor and interfacing notes pdf mpi pdf notes book starts with the topics vector interrupt table, timing diagram, interrupt structure of 8086. For example, intel 8051 is 8bit microcontroller and intel 8096 is 16bit microcontroller. Explained below is table for the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller. Microcontrollers introduction, microcontrollers types and. The address bus consists of 16, 20, 24, or more parallel signal lines. The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital integrated circuit that accepts binary data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory and provides results also in. Generally, a computer is designed with different kinds of memory. Furthermore, it requires other peripherals like memory. Some microcontroller systems also include timers, counters, analog to digital ad converters and so on.
A conventional microprocessor system, with separate processor, memory and inputoutput io chips offer a more effective solution for complex digital systems, although such discrete designs are increasingly rare. The difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller lies in the presence of ram, rom, and other peripherals in a microcontroller. There is a huge difference between microcontroller vs microprocessor. The programmable logic controller plc provides a selfcontained device, containing a microcontroller with builtin interfacing. Risc architecture reduced instruction set computer with cisc instruction set. Motorola 6801 or intel 8051 would have peripheral io pins serial ports, parallel io, timer io, etc. This text is not intended to teach one particular controller architecture in depth. Oct 19, 2018 the significant difference between microprocessor and microcontroller is that a microprocessor is a programmable computation engine consist of alu, cu and registers, commonly used as a processing unit such as cpu in computers which can perform computations and make decisions.
Here you can download the free lecture notes of microprocessor and microcontroller pdf notes mpmc notes pdf materials with multiple file links to download microprocessor and microcontroller notes pdf mpmc pdf notes book starts with the topics instruction formats, addressing modes, instruction set, assembler directives,macros,overview of 8051 microcontroller,architecture, io ports. A microcontroller contains one or more cpus processor cores along with memory and. Depending on the memory architecture the microprocessor may have only a handful of registers. Differences in microcomputer, microprocessor and microcontroller. Difference between microprocessor vs microcontroller pdf. A microprocessor is a lsi large scale integration ic that does almost all the functions of the cpu. Both ics have different applications and have their own advantages and disadvantages. Microprocessor based systems bus n the three components mpu, memory, and io are connected by a group of wires called the bus n address bus n consists of 16, 20, 24, or 32 parallel signal lines wires unidirectional n these lines contain the address of the memory location to read or written n control bus.
The term microprocessor came into exist ence, in 1971, when the intel corporation of america, developed the first microprocessor intel4004 which is a 4 bit microprocessor. Yeola page 3 architecture of intel 8085 microprocessor features of 8085 intel 8085 is an 8bit, nmos microprocessor. There are a list of differences between microprocessor mp and microcontroller mcu. Examples of the microcontroller are a digital camera, washing machine, microwave oven etc. Like microprocessors, the term microcontroller refers to a sin.
Microprocessorbased systems bus n the three components mpu, memory, and io are connected by a group of wires called the bus n address bus n consists of 16, 20, 24, or 32 parallel signal lines wires unidirectional n these lines contain the address of the memory location to read or written n control bus. Microcontroller and microprocessor both terms seem similar but there is a huge difference between these two ics. A microcontroller is a small, lowcost and self contained computeronachip that can be used as an embedded system. Fundamentals of microprocessor and microcontroller unit1 prof.
Microprocessors evolution and introduction to 8085 1 1. If m is a power of 2, the number of select lines required for an minput mux is. What is the difference between a microprocessor and a. A microcontroller includes a microprocessor, memory, and usually some io driver stages on certain outputs. At first, all other functions, like memory and inputoutput interfacing, were outside the microprocessor, and a working system still had to be made of a good number of ics. Microcontroller components, a typical microcontroller application, motorola 68hc12 microcontroller, 68hc12 programming model, 68hc12 data types, auto prepost decrementincrement, indexed addressing, 68hc12 move instructions, hc12 logic instructions, multiply and accumulate instruction emacs. Wikipedia a computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. Lecture note on microprocessor and microcontroller theory vssut. What is the difference between microprocessors and. Now that you have gained basic knowledge about what a microcontroller and microprocessor are, you will find it convenient to differentiate between the two. Simple microprocessor an overview sciencedirect topics.
Microprocessors and interfacing 8086, 8051, 8096, and. Unit1 introduction to 8086 ece department microprocessors and microcontrollers page 2 iv address bus. What is the difference between a microprocessor and. Lets find out the key difference between microprocessor vs microcontroller in this article. The four parallel 8bit ports of this microcontroller can be easily programmed and addressed. Salient features of 8051 microcontroller are given below. Video lectures on microprocessors and microcontrollers by prof. Microprocessormicrocontroller the first microprocessor to make it into a home computer was the intel 8080, a complete 8bit computer on one chip. What is the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller. Microprocessor and microcontrollers are defined as the integrated circuits of small chips that are used to perform the computing and controlling functions, microprocessors incorporate the functions of cpu and is the brain of the microcontroller while the microcontroller is a computer that comes in various shape and sizes, along with this. Lecture note on microprocessor and microcontroller theory.
The first microprocessor to make it into a home computer was the intel. Unlike microcontrollers, microprocessors have no builtin memory, rom, serial ports, timers, and other peripherals that constitute a. Although, we can differentiate both of them according to many features and aspects. From one more point of view, the major dissimilarity amid a usual microprocessors and microcontrollers parting there architectural terms is the area of their application. Introduction to microcontrollers institute of computer engineering. Over two billion 8bit microcontrollers were sold in11 and according to semico, over four billion 8bit microcontrollers microcohtroller sold datashwet the first microprocessor was the 4bit intel released inwith the intel and other more capable microprocessors becoming available over the next several years. Eight bit cpu on chip clock oscillator 4kbytes of internal program memory code memory rom 128 bytes of internal data memory ram 64 kbytes of external program memory address space.
However microcontroller cannot be used in place of microprocessor and using a microprocessor is not advised in place of a microcontroller as it makes the application quite costly. Introduction to microcontrollers and microprocessors sonoma state. Difference between microcontroller and microprocessor. It is also defined as a cpu contained in a single chip.
To make use of microprocessor p, one needs extra hardware chips such as memory ram, peripheral boards, system bus etc. Microcontrollers used in a wide number of electronic systems such as. In modern terminology, it is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on a chip soc. Undoubtedly a microcontroller is far cheaper than a microprocessor. Lecture note on microprocessor and microcontroller theory and.
Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller with. Dogan ibrahim, in sd card projects using the pic microcontroller, 2010. Embedded hardware design micpro is a journal covering all design and architectural aspects related to embedded systems hardware. A microprocessor, popularly known as computer on a chip in its early days, is a general purpose central processing unit cpu fabricated on a single integrated circuit ic and is a complete digital computer later microcontroller is considered to be more accurate form of complete computer. This book introduces undergraduate students to the field of microcontrollers what they are, how they work, how they interface with their io components, and what considerations the programmer has to observe in hardwarebased and embedded programming. Memory organization in pic microcontrollers and types of memory. Unlike microcontrollers, microprocessors have no builtin memory, rom, serial ports, timers, and other peripherals that constitute a system. Introductory microcontroller programming worcester polytechnic. Dec 02, 2015 a microprocessor is everything a microcontroller is but without the program rom on chip. Microcontrollers notes for iv sem ecetce students saneesh.
Oct 28, 2017 when the differences between microprocessor and microcontroller are mentioned in the previous tutorial, the main difference can be stated as onchip memory i. On the other hand, a microcontroller is a specialised microprocessor considered as. Pdf microprocessor and microcontroller pdf notes mpmc. Generalpurpose microprocessor used in general computer system and can be used by programmer for any application. Microprocessors and microcontrollers textbook free download microprocessors and microcontrollers textbook by krishna kant free download. Program rom and data rom the onchip rom memory read only memory on a microcontroller is like a microcontroller s hard drive. Microprocessor and microcontroller pdf notes mpmc notes. Therefore, in pic microcontroller units the fetching of instructions and fetching of data executes simultaneously in a single fetching operation results increased throughput. Microcontroller microprocessor with builtin memory and ports and can be. Random access memory, eprompromrom erasable programmable read only memory, io inputoutput serial and parallel, timers, interrupt controller. However, always keep in mind that it is just a subset of internal ramand that operations. Microprocessor designmemory wikibooks, open books for an. Dec 27, 2018 memory organization defines how memory space is organized for a microprocessor microcontroller. May 29, 2015 a microprocessor, popularly known as computer on a chip in its early days, is a general purpose central processing unit cpu fabricated on a single integrated circuit ic and is a complete digital computer later microcontroller is considered to be more accurate form of complete computer.
It is the most universally used microcontroller and was introduced by intel in the year of 1981. Explain with a neat block diagram the architecture of 8085 microprocessor. Microprocessor and microcontroller microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable register based electronic device which read binary instructions from memory, processes the input data as per instructions and provides output. Contrarily, a microcontroller is a complete computing system. Gradually, the microprocessor became more selfcontained, with the possibility, for example, of including different memory types on the same chip as the cpu. A microcontroller is a small and lowcost microcomputer, which is designed to perform the specific tasks of embedded systems like displaying microwaves information, receiving remote signals, etc the general microcontroller consists of the processor, the memory ram, rom, eprom, serial ports, peripherals timers, counters, etc. At the end of this article there is a pdf link so that you can download microprocessor vs microcontroller pdf copy for your future reference. Such as intels pentium 1,2,3,4, core 2 duo, i3, i5 etc.
Microprocessor is a simple central processing unit cpu on a single chip remember the word single chip. If the number of address bits in a memory is reduced by 2 and the address ability is doubled, the size of the memory i. Microprocessor system an overview sciencedirect topics. But a microprocessor p contains only processing unit which is quite powerful in terms of computing. Pdf ec6504 microprocessor and microcontroller mpmc. On the other hand, a microcontroller is a specialised microprocessor considered as computer on a chip as it. Microprocessors and microcontrollers subject is one of the important subjects for engineering students. The example also illustrates why microcontrollers are useful. A few microcontrollers may utilize fourbit expressions and work at clock rate frequencies, which usually include. Motorola 6800 or intel 8086 would have an address bus, a data bus, and control lines, and a microcontroller e.
Microprocessor based device completely selfcontained with memory and io. Basic concepts of microprocessors differences between. A microprocessor and a microcontroller, both are essential processors that are designed to run computers. Prepared by radu muresan 16 microcontroller memory map za memory map is a diagram that shows the computers available addresses and how they are used zthe default condition is the condition of. Microprocessor based systems bus n the three components mpu, memory, and io are connected by a group of wires called the bus n address bus n consists of 16, 20, 24, or 32 parallel signal lines wires unidirectional n these lines contain the address of the memory. Main difference between microprocessor and microcontroller. On these lines the cpu sends out the address of the memory location that is to be written to or read from. A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single or more integrated circuit ic of mosfet construction. Microcontroller is a term used to describe a system that includes a minimum of microprocessor, program memory, data memory and inputoutput io. Processing power, measured in terms of dhrystone mips dmips, helps quantify these criteria. Because of this tradeoff, computer systems typically have a hierarchy of memory types, where faster and smaller memories are closer to the processor, and slower but larger memories are further from the processor. A microprocessor is everything a microcontroller is but without the program rom on chip. An additional 64 kb of external memory can be interfaced with the microcontroller.
The significant difference between microprocessor and microcontroller is that a microprocessor is a programmable computation engine consist of alu, cu and registers, commonly used as a processing unit such as cpu in computers which can perform computations and make decisions. They share many common features and at the same time they have significant differences. Aug 25, 2018 in microprocessor the work is not predefined like we can do gaming, photo editing, copy, move etc all this operation in a computer whereas in microcontroller the work is predefined. Fundamentals of chapter 1 microprocessor and microcontroller.